Small-scale convection and divergent plate boundaries

Phase boundaries and mantle convection.

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Small-scale Convection and the Evolution of the Lithosphere

In this thesis we calculate the effect of small-scale convection on the thickness and temperature structure of the lithosphere for three cases where geophysical and geological data may allow us to see these effects. The problems are: (1) the cooling of the oceanic lithosphere; (2) the cooling of a passive rift temperature structure; and (3) the rate of thinning of lithosphere which has been thi...

How does small-scale convection manifest in surface heat flux?

Stretching the boundaries in turbulent convection

Laboratory experiments investigating turbulent Rayleigh-Benard convection (RBC) have nearly always been confined to cylindrical cells of small diameter-to-height aspect ratio Γ (typically 1/2). The motivation for this has been that the governing control parameter, the Rayleigh Number Ra, depends on the cube of the height, and so laboratory experiments have been made as tall as possible, which f...

Thermal Convection between Sloping Parallel Boundaries

The effect of sloping boundaries on thermal convection is studied theoretically and experimentally in the context of a model in which fluid is contained in a differentially heated rectangular box of small aspect ratio (depth/length), inclined at an angle 8 to the vertical. Like its two limiting cases, Benard convection and convection in the vertical slot, there is a steady laminar twodimensiona...